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The circumstances
of the death of Abraham Lincoln, from The Death of Abraham Lincoln,
a lecture delivered by Whitman in New York, April 14, 1879:
How often
since that dark and dripping Saturday--that chilly April day, now fifteen
years bygone--my heart has entertaind the dream, the wish, to give
of Abraham Lincolns death, its own special thought and memorial.
. . .
I shall not easily forget the first time I ever saw Abraham Lincoln. It
must have been about the 18th or 19th of February, 1861. It was rather
a pleasant afternoon, in New York city, as he arrived there from the West,
to remain a few hours, and then pass on to Washington, to prepare for
his inauguration. I saw him in Broadway, near the site of the present
Post-office. He came down, I think from Canal street, to stop at the Astor
House. The broad spaces, sidewalks, and street in the neighborhood, and
for some distance, were crowded with solid masses of people, many thousands.
The omnibuses and other vehicles had all beeen turnd off, leaving
an unusual hush in that busy part of the city. Presently two or three
shabby hack barouches made their way with some difficulty through the
crowd, and drew up at the Astor House entrance. A tall figure stepd
out of the centre of these barouches, pausd leisurely on the sidewalk,
lookd up at the granite walls and looming architecture of the grand
old hotel--then, after a relieving stretch of arms and legs, turnd
round for over a minute to slowly and good-humoroudly scan the appearance
of the vast and silent crowds. There were no speeches--no compliments--no
welcome--as far as I could hear, not a word said. Still much anxiety was
conceald in that quiet. . . .
I had, I say, a capital view of it all, and especially of Mr. Lincoln,
his look and gait--his perfect composure and coolness--his unusual and
uncouth height, his dress of complete black, stovepipe hat pushd
back on the head, dark-brown complexion, seamd and wrinkled yet
canny-looking face, black, bushy head of hair, disproportionately long
neck, and his hands held behind as he stood observing the people. He lookd
with curiosity upon that immense sea of faces, and the sea of faces returnd
the look with similar curiosity. In both there was a dash of comedy, almost
farce, such as Shakespere puts in his blackest tragedies. . . .
Of the actual
murder of President Lincoln, though so much has been written, probably
the facts are yet very indefinite in most persons minds. . . .
The day, April 14, 1865, seems to have been a pleasant one throughout
the whold land--the moral atmosphere pleasant too--the long storm, so
dark, so fratricidal, full of blood and doubt and gloom, over and ended
at last by the sun-rise of such an absolute National victory, and utter
break down of Secessionism--we almost doubted our own senses! Lee had
capitulated beneath the apple-tree of Appomattox. The other armies, the
flanges of the revolt, swiftly followd. And could it really be,
then Out of all the affairs of this world of woe and failure and disorder,
was there really come the confirmd, unerring sign of plan, like
a shaft of pure light--of rightful rule--of God? So the day, as I saw,
was propitious. Early herbage, early flowers, were out. (I remember where
I was stopping at the time, the season being advanced, there were many
lilacs in full bloom. By one of those caprices that enter and give tinge
to events without being at all a part of them, I find myself always reminded
of the great tragedy of that day by the sight and odor of these blossoms.
It never fails.) But I must not dwell on accessories. The deed hastens.
The popular afternoon paper of Washington, the little Evening Star,
had spatter'd all over its third page, divided among the advertisements
in a sensational manner, in a hundred different places, The President
and his Lady will be at the Theatre this evening. . . .
The final
use of the greatest men of a Nation is, after all, not with reference
to their deeds in themselves, or their direct bearing on their times or
lands. The final use of a heroic-eminent life- especially of a heroic-eminent
death--is its indirect filtering into the nation and the race, and to
give, often at many removes, but unerringly, age after age, color and
fibre to the personalism of the youth and maturity of that age, and of
mankind. Then there is a cement to the whole people, subtler, more underlying,
than any thing in written constitution, or courts or armies--namely, the
cement of a death identified thoroughly with that people, at its head,
and for its sake. . . .
I repeat it--the grand deaths of the race--the dramatic deaths of every
nationality--are its most important inheritance-value--in some respects
beyond its literature and art--(as the hero is beyond his finest portrait,
and the battle itself beyond its choicest song or epic.) Is not here indeed
the point underlying all tragedy? the famous pieces of the Grecian masters--and
all masters? Why, if the old Greeks had had this man, what trilogies of
plays--what epics--would have been made out of him! How the rhapsodes
would have recited him! How quickly that quaint tall form would have enterd
into the region where men vitalize gods, and gods divinify men!. . . .
Dear to the Muse--thrice dear to Nationality--to the whole human race--precious
to this Union- precious to Democracy--unspeakably and forever precious--their
first great Martyr Chief.
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